{"id":293,"date":"2026-09-08T20:20:34","date_gmt":"2026-09-08T20:20:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/build-mode-ak.com\/lilygo-ttgo-t-display-2\/"},"modified":"2026-09-08T21:15:26","modified_gmt":"2026-09-08T21:15:26","slug":"lilygo-ttgo-t-display","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/build-mode-ak.com\/pt-pt\/lilygo-ttgo-t-display\/","title":{"rendered":"LILYGO TTGO T-Display: o ESP32 que mostra o resultado de imediato"},"content":{"rendered":"<section class=\"sws-page-title alignfull wp-block-sws-theme-page-title\">\n\t<div class=\"sws-page-title__inner\">\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"sws-page-title__nav\" aria-label=\"Migalhas de p\u00e3o\">\n\t\t\t\t<ol class=\"sws-page-title__trail\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"sws-page-title__crumb\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"sws-page-title__link\" href=\"https:\/\/build-mode-ak.com\/pt-pt\/\">In\u00edcio<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ol>\n\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .sws-page-title__inner -->\n\n\t\t\t<div class=\"sws-page-title__shapes\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"sws-page-title__shape sws-page-title__shape--accent\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"sws-page-title__icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 64 64\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"4\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\">\n  <path d=\"M7 32h10l4-10 6 20 6-20 6 20 6-20 4 10h8\"\/>\n<\/svg>\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"sws-page-title__shape sws-page-title__shape--secondary\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"sws-page-title__icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 64 64\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"4\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\">\n  <path d=\"M8 32h17M25 15v34M39 15v34M39 32h17\"\/>\n<\/svg>\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"sws-page-title__shape sws-page-title__shape--tertiary\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"sws-page-title__icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 64 64\">\n  <path d=\"M7 32h50M46 16v32\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"4\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n  <path d=\"M21.5 18.5c-.7-.4-1.5.1-1.5 1v25c0 .9.8 1.4 1.5 1l21.7-12.4c.8-.5.8-1.7 0-2.2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"\/>\n<\/svg>\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"sws-page-title__shape sws-page-title__shape--accent\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"sws-page-title__icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 64 64\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"4\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\">\n  <path d=\"M7 40h9C16 18 24 18 24 40C24 18 32 18 32 40C32 18 40 18 40 40C40 18 48 18 48 40h9\"\/>\n<\/svg>\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/section>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Uma placa de desenvolvimento comum sabe fazer muita coisa, mas fala com quem a programa sobretudo atrav\u00e9s de linhas no Serial Monitor. A LILYGO TTGO T-Display tem uma forma mais convincente de o fazer: um ecr\u00e3 a cores incorporado. Liga-se um sensor e v\u00eaem-se logo as leituras. Recebem-se dados por Wi\u2011Fi e mostra-se um gr\u00e1fico ou um estado. Monta-se um aparelho aut\u00f3nomo e j\u00e1 n\u00e3o \u00e9 preciso acrescentar um ecr\u00e3 \u00e0 parte, encaminhar-lhe a alimenta\u00e7\u00e3o nem arranjar-lhe lugar dentro da caixa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00c9 precisamente por isso que a T-Display \u00e9 mais interessante do que \u00abmais uma placa com ESP32\u00bb. \u00c9 quase um painel frontal de aparelho j\u00e1 pronto: microcontrolador, ecr\u00e3, dois bot\u00f5es, USB\u2011C e carregamento de uma Li\u2011Po de um elemento, tudo numa \u00fanica placa estreita.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignwide size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/build-mode-ak.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/lilygo-ttgo-t-display-01-pinout.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1491\" height=\"1055\" src=\"https:\/\/build-mode-ak.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/lilygo-ttgo-t-display-01-pinout.png\" alt=\"Pinagem da LILYGO TTGO T-Display V1.1 cl\u00e1ssica. Fila esquerda: GND, GND, 21, 22, 17, 2, 15, 13, 12, GND, GND, 3V3; fila direita: 3V3, 36, 37, 38, 39, 32, 33, 25, 26, 27, GND, 5V. O ecr\u00e3 ST7789V est\u00e1 ligado por MOSI 19, SCLK 18, CS 5, DC 16, RST 23 e BL 4, e os dois bot\u00f5es est\u00e3o em GPIO0 e GPIO35.\" class=\"wp-image-276\" srcset=\"https:\/\/build-mode-ak.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/lilygo-ttgo-t-display-01-pinout.png 1491w, https:\/\/build-mode-ak.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/lilygo-ttgo-t-display-01-pinout-300x212.png 300w, https:\/\/build-mode-ak.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/lilygo-ttgo-t-display-01-pinout-1024x725.png 1024w, https:\/\/build-mode-ak.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/lilygo-ttgo-t-display-01-pinout-768x543.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1491px) 100vw, 1491px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">A T-Display cl\u00e1ssica, V1.1: as duas filas de pinos, os seis sinais do ecr\u00e3 e os dois bot\u00f5es. Clique para ver a vers\u00e3o em tamanho real.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">De que placa se fala exatamente<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">O nome T-Display transformou-se numa fam\u00edlia inteira, pelo que a primeira armadilha t\u00e9cnica \u00e9 ir buscar as caracter\u00edsticas do modelo errado. Aqui trata-se da <strong>LILYGO\/TTGO T-Display cl\u00e1ssica sobre o ESP32 original<\/strong>, com ecr\u00e3 de 1,14 polegadas e resolu\u00e7\u00e3o de 135 \u00d7 240 pontos. <strong>N\u00e3o \u00e9 a T-Display-S3<\/strong>: a S3 tem outro processador, ecr\u00e3 de 1,9 polegadas, outra liga\u00e7\u00e3o de ecr\u00e3, outros GPIO e tem PSRAM.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A documenta\u00e7\u00e3o atual da LILYGO indica para a placa cl\u00e1ssica o SoC <strong>ESP32-D0WDQ6<\/strong>. O tamanho da Flash e o chip USB\u2013UART podem variar de lote para lote, por isso a descri\u00e7\u00e3o do vendedor ou o exemplo de c\u00f3digo de outra pessoa n\u00e3o substituem a verifica\u00e7\u00e3o da placa que se tem na m\u00e3o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Caracter\u00edsticas t\u00e9cnicas<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table><thead><tr><th>Elemento<\/th><th>Caracter\u00edstica<\/th><th>O que significa na pr\u00e1tica<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Microcontrolador<\/td><td>ESP32-D0WDQ6<\/td><td>O ESP32 cl\u00e1ssico, n\u00e3o um S2\/S3\/C3<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Processador<\/td><td>2 n\u00facleos Xtensa LX6, at\u00e9 240 MHz<\/td><td>Chega para Wi\u2011Fi, interface, sensores e l\u00f3gica de fundo em simult\u00e2neo<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Mem\u00f3ria<\/td><td>520 KB de SRAM interna, sem PSRAM<\/td><td>Imagens grandes e duplo buffer obrigam a contar bem a mem\u00f3ria<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Flash<\/td><td>Normalmente 4 MB; existe uma variante de 16 MB<\/td><td>O tamanho tem de ser verificado antes de escolher a tabela de parti\u00e7\u00f5es<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Liga\u00e7\u00e3o sem fios<\/td><td>Wi\u2011Fi 2,4 GHz 802.11 b\/g\/n; Bluetooth 4.2 BR\/EDR e BLE<\/td><td>Serve para MQTT, HTTP, ESP\u2011NOW, balizas BLE e comunica\u00e7\u00e3o com o telem\u00f3vel<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ecr\u00e3<\/td><td>TFT IPS de 1,14\u2033, controlador ST7789V<\/td><td>Ecr\u00e3 a cores com bons \u00e2ngulos de vis\u00e3o<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Resolu\u00e7\u00e3o<\/td><td>135 \u00d7 240 na vertical; normalmente 240 \u00d7 135 na horizontal<\/td><td>C\u00f3modo para um valor grande, alguns estados ou um gr\u00e1fico pequeno<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Interface do ecr\u00e3<\/td><td>SPI de 4 fios; o perfil de origem do TFT_eSPI usa 40 MHz<\/td><td>O ecr\u00e3 \u00e9 r\u00e1pido, mas ocupa v\u00e1rios GPIO<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Comandos<\/td><td>Dois bot\u00f5es: GPIO0 e GPIO35<\/td><td>Chegam para um menu, folhear ecr\u00e3s, confirmar ou acordar o aparelho<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Alimenta\u00e7\u00e3o<\/td><td>USB\u2011C ou Li\u2011Po de um elemento; carregamento incorporado<\/td><td>A base de um aparelho port\u00e1til sem m\u00f3dulo de carga \u00e0 parte<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Controlo da bateria<\/td><td>ADC no GPIO34, circuito de medida ativado pelo GPIO14<\/td><td>A carga pode ser mostrada na pr\u00f3pria interface<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>USB<\/td><td>USB\u2011C atrav\u00e9s de uma ponte USB\u2013UART<\/td><td>O ESP32 original n\u00e3o tem USB Device nativo; a porta serve para alimentar, gravar e para a liga\u00e7\u00e3o s\u00e9rie<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>USB\u2013UART<\/td><td>CH9102 no que se vende hoje; em revis\u00f5es antigas apareciam CP210x<\/td><td>Perante um problema de controlador, ver o VID\/PID real em vez de adivinhar pelo nome da placa<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>N\u00edveis l\u00f3gicos<\/td><td>3,3 V; os GPIO n\u00e3o toleram 5 V<\/td><td>Um sinal de 5 V exige adapta\u00e7\u00e3o de n\u00edveis<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Dimens\u00f5es<\/td><td>Cerca de 51,5 \u00d7 25 mm<\/td><td>A placa \u00e9 bastante mais estreita do que a maioria das montagens \u00abDevKit + TFT \u00e0 parte\u00bb<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ambientes de desenvolvimento<\/td><td>Arduino IDE, PlatformIO, ESP-IDF; MicroPython \u00e9 poss\u00edvel<\/td><td>Arduino para come\u00e7ar depressa, ESP-IDF para um projeto mais rigoroso<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-heading-color has-surface-alt-background-color has-text-color has-background wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)\">Um par de n\u00fameros ajuda a sentir a escala. Uma imagem completa em formato RGB565 ocupa <code>135 \u00d7 240 \u00d7 2 = 64 800<\/code> bytes, ou seja, cerca de 63,3 KiB. Dois buffers de imagem j\u00e1 s\u00e3o perto de 126,6 KiB, sem contar a pilha Wi\u2011Fi, as tarefas e os dados da aplica\u00e7\u00e3o. \u00c9 por isso que nesta placa s\u00e3o especialmente \u00fateis o redesenho parcial, os sprites de tamanho moderado e desenhar apenas as zonas que mudaram.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Porque \u00e9 que o ecr\u00e3 incorporado vale mesmo a pena<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Aqui o ecr\u00e3 \u00e9 \u00fatil como ferramenta de desenvolvimento, n\u00e3o como enfeite. Encurta o caminho entre o prot\u00f3tipo e uma coisa que se pode usar sem computador.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Resposta imediata.<\/strong> O pr\u00f3prio aparelho mostra se se ligou ao Wi\u2011Fi, que endere\u00e7o IP recebeu, o que devolveu o sensor e porque \u00e9 que o atuador n\u00e3o disparou.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Interface local.<\/strong> Dois bot\u00f5es e um ecr\u00e3 a cores chegam para um menu, v\u00e1rias p\u00e1ginas, avisos e defini\u00e7\u00f5es simples, sem aplica\u00e7\u00e3o para telem\u00f3vel.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Diagn\u00f3stico no local.<\/strong> Se o sensor est\u00e1 num quadro el\u00e9trico, numa estufa ou numa m\u00e1quina, os par\u00e2metros essenciais veem-se ao lado do equipamento e n\u00e3o apenas na nuvem.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Prot\u00f3tipo compacto e acabado.<\/strong> Depois de acrescentar bateria e caixa, a T-Display j\u00e1 parece um aparelho de bolso, um comando ou um painel de monitoriza\u00e7\u00e3o em miniatura.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Demonstra\u00e7\u00e3o r\u00e1pida da ideia.<\/strong> A um cliente ou a um colega \u00e9 mais f\u00e1cil avaliar um ecr\u00e3 vivo com estados do que uma torrente de n\u00fameros num terminal.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mas o ecr\u00e3 tamb\u00e9m imp\u00f5e limites. \u00c9 pequeno e n\u00e3o \u00e9 t\u00e1til, e seis sinais do ESP32 j\u00e1 est\u00e3o tomados por ele. Uma retroilumina\u00e7\u00e3o sempre acesa pesa visivelmente na autonomia. Para gr\u00e1ficos complexos falta PSRAM, por isso a T-Display d\u00e1 o seu melhor n\u00e3o como \u00abmicrotelem\u00f3vel\u00bb, mas como uma interface clara feita de alguns indicadores bem escolhidos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">O que j\u00e1 est\u00e1 ligado ao ESP32<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table><thead><tr><th>Fun\u00e7\u00e3o na placa<\/th><th>GPIO<\/th><th>O que importa saber<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>TFT MOSI<\/td><td>19<\/td><td>Dados para o ST7789V<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>TFT SCLK<\/td><td>18<\/td><td>Linha de rel\u00f3gio do ecr\u00e3<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>TFT CS<\/td><td>5<\/td><td>Sele\u00e7\u00e3o do ecr\u00e3; ao mesmo tempo pino de strapping de arranque do ESP32<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>TFT DC<\/td><td>16<\/td><td>Alterna entre \u00abcomando\u00bb e \u00abdados\u00bb<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>TFT RESET<\/td><td>23<\/td><td>Reposi\u00e7\u00e3o por hardware do controlador do ecr\u00e3<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Retroilumina\u00e7\u00e3o do TFT<\/td><td>4<\/td><td>Pode ser ligada, desligada e regulada por PWM<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Bot\u00e3o no GPIO0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>Tamb\u00e9m BOOT\/strapping: mant\u00ea-lo premido durante uma reposi\u00e7\u00e3o deixa o ESP32 no bootloader<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Segundo bot\u00e3o<\/td><td>35<\/td><td>Apenas entrada; o GPIO35 n\u00e3o tem resist\u00eancias internas<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Medi\u00e7\u00e3o da Li\u2011Po<\/td><td>34<\/td><td>ADC1, apenas entrada<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ativa\u00e7\u00e3o do circuito de medida<\/td><td>14<\/td><td>Antes de ler a bateria, o GPIO14 \u00e9 normalmente colocado a n\u00edvel alto<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00c9 sensato considerar estes pinos como ocupados. O SPI permite em teoria que v\u00e1rios dispositivos partilhem as linhas MOSI\/SCLK, mas para um primeiro projeto \u00e9 mais seguro deixar o GPIO18 e o GPIO19 para o ecr\u00e3 e levar o SPI externo para pinos livres.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Os conectores: os pinos um a um<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A orienta\u00e7\u00e3o das tabelas \u00e9 com o ecr\u00e3 virado para si e o USB\u2011C em baixo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Fila esquerda, de cima para baixo<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table><thead><tr><th>Pino<\/th><th>Possibilidades<\/th><th>Limites e boas utiliza\u00e7\u00f5es<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>GND<\/td><td>Massa<\/td><td>Dois pinos seguidos<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>GND<\/td><td>Massa<\/td><td>\u2014<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>GPIO21<\/td><td>Entrada\/sa\u00edda digital<\/td><td>O SDA recomendado para I\u00b2C<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>GPIO22<\/td><td>Entrada\/sa\u00edda digital<\/td><td>O SCL recomendado para I\u00b2C<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>GPIO17<\/td><td>Entrada\/sa\u00edda digital<\/td><td>Um dos GPIO livres menos problem\u00e1ticos; serve para UART TX ou PWM<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>GPIO2<\/td><td>ADC2, Touch2, E\/S digital<\/td><td>Pino de strapping: o circuito externo n\u00e3o deve impor um n\u00edvel errado no arranque<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>GPIO15<\/td><td>ADC2, Touch3, E\/S digital<\/td><td>Strapping e JTAG; usar com cuidado<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>GPIO13<\/td><td>ADC2, Touch4, E\/S digital<\/td><td>Cruza-se com o JTAG, mas costuma ser utiliz\u00e1vel depois do arranque<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>GPIO12<\/td><td>ADC2, Touch5, E\/S digital<\/td><td>Strapping e JTAG; aqui uma carga externa ativa durante a reposi\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 especialmente indesej\u00e1vel<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>GND<\/td><td>Massa<\/td><td>Dois pinos seguidos<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>GND<\/td><td>Massa<\/td><td>\u2014<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>3V3<\/td><td>Alimenta\u00e7\u00e3o de 3,3 V<\/td><td>N\u00e3o \u00e9 um GPIO<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Fila direita, de cima para baixo<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table><thead><tr><th>Pino<\/th><th>Possibilidades<\/th><th>Limites e boas utiliza\u00e7\u00f5es<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>3V3<\/td><td>Alimenta\u00e7\u00e3o de 3,3 V<\/td><td>N\u00e3o \u00e9 um GPIO<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>GPIO36 \/ SVP<\/td><td>ADC1_CH0, entrada digital<\/td><td><strong>Apenas entrada<\/strong>, sem resist\u00eancia interna<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>GPIO37<\/td><td>ADC1_CH1, entrada digital<\/td><td><strong>Apenas entrada<\/strong>, sem resist\u00eancia interna<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>GPIO38<\/td><td>ADC1_CH2, entrada digital<\/td><td><strong>Apenas entrada<\/strong>, sem resist\u00eancia interna<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>GPIO39 \/ SVN<\/td><td>ADC1_CH3, entrada digital<\/td><td><strong>Apenas entrada<\/strong>, sem resist\u00eancia interna<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>GPIO32<\/td><td>ADC1_CH4, Touch9, E\/S digital<\/td><td>Excelente GPIO de uso geral e entrada anal\u00f3gica que continua a funcionar com o Wi\u2011Fi ativo<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>GPIO33<\/td><td>ADC1_CH5, Touch8, E\/S digital<\/td><td>Excelente GPIO de uso geral e entrada anal\u00f3gica que continua a funcionar com o Wi\u2011Fi ativo<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>GPIO25<\/td><td>ADC2_CH8, DAC1, E\/S digital<\/td><td>Um DAC de 8 bits a s\u00e9rio; jeitoso como sa\u00edda, como PWM ou como SCK de um SPI externo<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>GPIO26<\/td><td>ADC2_CH9, DAC2, E\/S digital<\/td><td>O segundo DAC de 8 bits a s\u00e9rio; jeitoso como MOSI de um SPI externo<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>GPIO27<\/td><td>ADC2_CH7, Touch7, E\/S digital<\/td><td>GPIO de uso geral; jeitoso como MISO de um SPI externo<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>GND<\/td><td>Massa<\/td><td>\u2014<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>5V<\/td><td>Barramento de alimenta\u00e7\u00e3o de 5 V<\/td><td>N\u00e3o \u00e9 um GPIO nem sinal de l\u00f3gica de 5 V<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>SVP<\/code> e <code>SVN<\/code> s\u00e3o os nomes hist\u00f3ricos das entradas anal\u00f3gicas SENSOR_VP e SENSOR_VN, ou seja, GPIO36 e GPIO39. N\u00e3o s\u00e3o pinos de alimenta\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Como escolher os GPIO sem surpresas desagrad\u00e1veis<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Para entradas e sa\u00eddas digitais correntes, os primeiros candidatos s\u00e3o <strong>GPIO17, 21, 22, 25, 26, 27, 32 e 33<\/strong>. Faz sentido guardar o GPIO21\/22 para o I\u00b2C.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Para um segundo barramento SPI, o exemplo oficial de f\u00e1brica da LILYGO usa um grupo c\u00f3modo:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table><thead><tr><th>Sinal do SPI externo<\/th><th>GPIO<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>SCK<\/td><td>25<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>MOSI<\/td><td>26<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>MISO<\/td><td>27<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>CS<\/td><td>33<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Para sensores anal\u00f3gicos com o Wi\u2011Fi ligado deve escolher-se o ADC1: <strong>GPIO32, 33, 36, 37, 38 ou 39<\/strong>. No ESP32 cl\u00e1ssico o ADC2 partilha um recurso com o Wi\u2011Fi, pelo que ler GPIO2\/12\/13\/15\/25\/26\/27 como entradas anal\u00f3gicas enquanto o r\u00e1dio trabalha pode simplesmente n\u00e3o resultar. J\u00e1 os GPIO36\u201339 servem apenas como entrada e precisam de resist\u00eancia externa se o sensor ou o bot\u00e3o dela precisarem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00e1 ainda tr\u00eas regras que poupam especialmente muito tempo:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>GPIO0, 2, 5, 12 e 15 s\u00e3o lidos durante a reposi\u00e7\u00e3o como pinos de strapping. Os perif\u00e9ricos ligados n\u00e3o devem for\u00e7ar os seus n\u00edveis de arranque.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>GPIO34\u201339 s\u00e3o apenas entradas e n\u00e3o t\u00eam <code>pull-up<\/code>\/<code>pull-down<\/code> por software. Na pr\u00f3pria placa, o GPIO34 e o GPIO35 j\u00e1 est\u00e3o ocupados pela bateria e por um bot\u00e3o.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Uma carga n\u00e3o pode ser alimentada diretamente a partir de um GPIO. Um rel\u00e9, um motor, um solenoide ou uma fita LED potente comandam-se atrav\u00e9s de um trans\u00edstor, um MOSFET ou um driver com as prote\u00e7\u00f5es necess\u00e1rias.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Alimenta\u00e7\u00e3o e autonomia<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A placa aceita alimenta\u00e7\u00e3o por USB\u2011C e suporta uma Li\u2011Po de um elemento atrav\u00e9s de um conector de 1,25 mm com dois contactos. A bateria pode ser carregada na placa e a sua tens\u00e3o medida no GPIO34 depois de ativado o circuito de medida com o GPIO14. \u00c9 c\u00f3modo para um indicador de carga pr\u00f3prio, mas a percentagem n\u00e3o se obt\u00e9m de forma fi\u00e1vel com uma simples f\u00f3rmula linear: a tens\u00e3o de uma Li\u2011Po varia de maneira n\u00e3o linear e o ADC do ESP32 original precisa de calibra\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A T-Display n\u00e3o deve ser confundida com um sensor de consumo ultrabaixo s\u00f3 porque o ESP32 sabe entrar em deep sleep. Medi\u00e7\u00f5es de amadores na placa cl\u00e1ssica deram ordens de grandeza de cerca de <strong>66 mA em funcionamento<\/strong>, <strong>80\u2013140 mA com o Wi\u2011Fi ativo<\/strong> e aproximadamente <strong>9 mA em light sleep<\/strong>. N\u00e3o s\u00e3o garantias de folha de caracter\u00edsticas: o resultado depende do brilho, do firmware, da qualidade da alimenta\u00e7\u00e3o e da revis\u00e3o da placa. A principal conclus\u00e3o pr\u00e1tica \u00e9 apagar ou baixar a retroilumina\u00e7\u00e3o, desligar o r\u00e1dio entre sess\u00f5es e acordar o aparelho com um bot\u00e3o ou um temporizador.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">O que se constr\u00f3i com uma T-Display: tr\u00eas casos elucidativos<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. Um ecr\u00e3 local do Home Assistant<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Uma das utiliza\u00e7\u00f5es mais naturais \u00e9 mostrar uma temperatura, o consumo de energia, o estado do aquecimento ou qualquer entidade do Home Assistant. Num projeto publicado, a placa mostra a temperatura do forno atrav\u00e9s do ESPHome, mas o mesmo modelo serve para a hora do pr\u00f3ximo comboio, o n\u00edvel de um dep\u00f3sito ou a velocidade da internet. O valor deste caso est\u00e1 no hardware m\u00ednimo: para um painel fixo bastam a pr\u00f3pria T-Display e alimenta\u00e7\u00e3o por USB.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. Um painel de partidas junto \u00e0 porta<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">O projeto aberto <code>ttgo-departure-board<\/code> transforma a placa num painel de transportes p\u00fablicos. O reposit\u00f3rio cont\u00e9m 33 variantes de firmware para redes de 17 pa\u00edses: o ESP32 liga-se ao Wi\u2011Fi, sincroniza a hora por NTP, consulta uma API sensivelmente de 30 em 30 segundos e atualiza a contagem decrescente a cada segundo. Os dois bot\u00f5es mudam de paragem e comandam o ecr\u00e3. \u00c9 um bom exemplo de interface em que 240 \u00d7 135 pontos n\u00e3o s\u00e3o poucos: se s\u00f3 se mostrarem o sentido, a linha, a plataforma e os minutos, a informa\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 exatamente a necess\u00e1ria antes de sair de casa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. Um monitor sem fios min\u00fasculo<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Em 2025 destacou-se um projeto que envia por Wi\u2011Fi uma imagem reduzida do ambiente de trabalho para uma placa T-Display compat\u00edvel. O computador compara os fotogramas e envia apenas os p\u00edxeis que mudaram, aplicando agrupamento e RLE. Com uma imagem quase est\u00e1tica o autor chegou aos 60 fotogramas por segundo, e a cerca de 5 fotogramas por segundo com movimento intenso, com lat\u00eancia abaixo de 100 ms numa rede boa. N\u00e3o \u00e9 um substituto pr\u00e1tico de um monitor, mas \u00e9 uma excelente demonstra\u00e7\u00e3o de como um algoritmo de poupan\u00e7a de tr\u00e1fego permite extrair inesperadamente muito de um ESP32 e de um pequeno ecr\u00e3 SPI. Importante: no projeto foi usada uma TENSTAR compat\u00edvel com 16 MB de Flash, pelo que esta caracter\u00edstica n\u00e3o se pode transpor automaticamente para qualquer LILYGO.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Outro fil\u00e3o popular s\u00e3o os minijogos. Dois bot\u00f5es, um ecr\u00e3 a cores e bibliotecas j\u00e1 feitas permitiram criar Space Shooter, Breakout e pequenas consolas port\u00e1teis com v\u00e1rios jogos. \u00c9 ao mesmo tempo entretenimento e uma boa bancada de aprendizagem para sprites, taxa de fotogramas, tratamento de bot\u00f5es e gest\u00e3o de mem\u00f3ria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignwide size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2528\" height=\"1696\" src=\"https:\/\/build-mode-ak.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/lilygo-ttgo-t-display-02-three-roles.jpg\" alt=\"A mesma T-Display em tr\u00eas pap\u00e9is: ligada a um sensor de temperatura e a mostrar 22,6 \u00b0C, a servir de painel de casa inteligente com 428 W e 22,6 graus, e a correr um jogo com uma c\u00e9lula Li\u2011Po ligada ao seu conector de bateria.\" class=\"wp-image-277\" srcset=\"https:\/\/build-mode-ak.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/lilygo-ttgo-t-display-02-three-roles.jpg 2528w, https:\/\/build-mode-ak.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/lilygo-ttgo-t-display-02-three-roles-300x201.jpg 300w, https:\/\/build-mode-ak.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/lilygo-ttgo-t-display-02-three-roles-1024x687.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/build-mode-ak.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/lilygo-ttgo-t-display-02-three-roles-768x515.jpg 768w, https:\/\/build-mode-ak.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/lilygo-ttgo-t-display-02-three-roles-1536x1030.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/build-mode-ak.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/lilygo-ttgo-t-display-02-three-roles-2048x1374.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/build-mode-ak.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/lilygo-ttgo-t-display-02-three-roles-1920x1288.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2528px) 100vw, 2528px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Uma placa, tr\u00eas pap\u00e9is: medidor port\u00e1til, painel de secret\u00e1ria e consola de bolso.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Quatro montagens do canal com uma T-Display<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">O canal Build Mode fez at\u00e9 agora quatro montagens com uma T-Display. Num v\u00eddeo a placa torna-se uma coluna Bluetooth: o ESP32 recebe m\u00fasica por A2DP, um amplificador MAX98357A alimenta um pequeno altifalante e o ecr\u00e3 mostra um analisador de espetro em tempo real. Noutro l\u00ea um sensor de movimento MPU-6500 por SPI, e uma p\u00e1gina no navegador transforma as leituras num modelo 3D. No terceiro mant\u00e9m uma estrutura em equil\u00edbrio com o impulso de uma \u00fanica h\u00e9lice: um MPU-6500 mede a inclina\u00e7\u00e3o e um controlador PID no ESP32 comanda o motor atrav\u00e9s de um DRV8833. No quarto faz de n\u00edvel e b\u00fassola numa caixa impressa em 3D, com um MPU-6500, um magnet\u00f3metro BMM150 e uma c\u00e9lula 18650.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"sws-video-player sws-video-player--related sws-video-player--many wp-block-sws-theme-video-player\">\n\t<ul class=\"sws-video-player__list\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"sws-video-player__item sws-video-player__item--short\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"sws-video-player__stage\"\n\t\t\t\t\tdata-embed=\"https:\/\/www.youtube-nocookie.com\/embed\/yQTdLoY7Os8?autoplay=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;rel=0&#038;hl=pt-PT\"\n\t\t\t\t\tdata-title=\"O meu telem\u00f3vel tem os dois. Fiz um na mesma: n\u00edvel e b\u00fassola DIY\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"sws-video-player__poster\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/shorts\/yQTdLoY7Os8\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"576\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/build-mode-ak.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/esp32-level-compass-poster-576x1024.jpg\" class=\"sws-video-player__image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" sizes=\"auto, (min-width: 480px) 360px, 90vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/build-mode-ak.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/esp32-level-compass-poster-576x1024.jpg 576w, https:\/\/build-mode-ak.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/esp32-level-compass-poster-169x300.jpg 169w, https:\/\/build-mode-ak.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/esp32-level-compass-poster-768x1365.jpg 768w, https:\/\/build-mode-ak.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/esp32-level-compass-poster-864x1536.jpg 864w, https:\/\/build-mode-ak.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/esp32-level-compass-poster.jpg 1080w\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"sws-video-player__play\"><svg class=\"sws-video-player__play-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 64 64\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"4\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\">\n  <path d=\"M22 14l28 18-28 18z\" fill=\"currentColor\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tReproduzir o v\u00eddeo: O meu telem\u00f3vel tem os dois. Fiz um na mesma: n\u00edvel e b\u00fassola DIY\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"sws-video-player__length\" aria-hidden=\"true\">0:59<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"sws-video-player__title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"sws-video-player__title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/build-mode-ak.com\/pt-pt\/videos\/esp32-level-compass\/\">O meu telem\u00f3vel tem os dois. Fiz um na mesma: n\u00edvel e b\u00fassola DIY<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"sws-video-player__links\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"sws-video-player__links-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"sws-video-player__link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/shorts\/yQTdLoY7Os8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"sws-video-player__link-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 64 64\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"4\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\">\n  <rect x=\"4\" y=\"13\" width=\"56\" height=\"38\" rx=\"11\"\/>\n  <path d=\"M27 22l16 10-16 10z\" fill=\"currentColor\" stroke=\"none\"\/>\n<\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t\tVer no YouTube\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"sws-video-player__links-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"sws-video-player__link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tiktok.com\/@build_mode_ak\/video\/7699230593640500503\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"sws-video-player__link-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 64 64\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"4\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\">\n  <path d=\"M42 8a14 14 0 0 0 11 11v9a23 23 0 0 1-11-4v16a16 16 0 1 1-20-15.49v9.75a7 7 0 1 0 11 5.74V8z\"\/>\n<\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tVer no TikTok\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"sws-video-player__item sws-video-player__item--short\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"sws-video-player__stage\"\n\t\t\t\t\tdata-embed=\"https:\/\/www.youtube-nocookie.com\/embed\/NZITZUT8aO8?autoplay=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;rel=0&#038;hl=pt-PT\"\n\t\t\t\t\tdata-title=\"Eu empurro. Ele volta: o meu balanceador de h\u00e9lice com ESP32\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"sws-video-player__poster\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/shorts\/NZITZUT8aO8\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"576\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/build-mode-ak.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/esp32-propeller-balancer-poster-576x1024.jpg\" class=\"sws-video-player__image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" sizes=\"auto, (min-width: 480px) 360px, 90vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/build-mode-ak.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/esp32-propeller-balancer-poster-576x1024.jpg 576w, https:\/\/build-mode-ak.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/esp32-propeller-balancer-poster-169x300.jpg 169w, https:\/\/build-mode-ak.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/esp32-propeller-balancer-poster-768x1365.jpg 768w, https:\/\/build-mode-ak.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/esp32-propeller-balancer-poster-864x1536.jpg 864w, https:\/\/build-mode-ak.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/esp32-propeller-balancer-poster.jpg 1080w\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"sws-video-player__play\"><svg class=\"sws-video-player__play-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 64 64\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"4\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\">\n  <path d=\"M22 14l28 18-28 18z\" fill=\"currentColor\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tReproduzir o v\u00eddeo: Eu empurro. Ele volta: o meu balanceador de h\u00e9lice com ESP32\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"sws-video-player__length\" aria-hidden=\"true\">0:40<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"sws-video-player__title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"sws-video-player__title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/build-mode-ak.com\/pt-pt\/videos\/esp32-propeller-balancer\/\">Eu empurro. Ele volta: o meu balanceador de h\u00e9lice com ESP32<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"sws-video-player__links\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"sws-video-player__links-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"sws-video-player__link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/shorts\/NZITZUT8aO8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"sws-video-player__link-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 64 64\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"4\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\">\n  <rect x=\"4\" y=\"13\" width=\"56\" height=\"38\" rx=\"11\"\/>\n  <path d=\"M27 22l16 10-16 10z\" fill=\"currentColor\" stroke=\"none\"\/>\n<\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t\tVer no YouTube\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"sws-video-player__links-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"sws-video-player__link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tiktok.com\/@build_mode_ak\/video\/7696596534560869654\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"sws-video-player__link-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 64 64\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"4\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\">\n  <path d=\"M42 8a14 14 0 0 0 11 11v9a23 23 0 0 1-11-4v16a16 16 0 1 1-20-15.49v9.75a7 7 0 1 0 11 5.74V8z\"\/>\n<\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tVer no TikTok\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"sws-video-player__item sws-video-player__item--short\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"sws-video-player__stage\"\n\t\t\t\t\tdata-embed=\"https:\/\/www.youtube-nocookie.com\/embed\/NqB9xJwzDvg?autoplay=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;rel=0&#038;hl=pt-PT\"\n\t\t\t\t\tdata-title=\"Testei o sentido de equil\u00edbrio de um rob\u00f4: MPU-6500\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"sws-video-player__poster\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/shorts\/NqB9xJwzDvg\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"576\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/build-mode-ak.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/mpu-6500-balance-test-poster-576x1024.jpg\" class=\"sws-video-player__image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" sizes=\"auto, (min-width: 480px) 360px, 90vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/build-mode-ak.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/mpu-6500-balance-test-poster-576x1024.jpg 576w, https:\/\/build-mode-ak.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/mpu-6500-balance-test-poster-169x300.jpg 169w, https:\/\/build-mode-ak.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/mpu-6500-balance-test-poster-768x1365.jpg 768w, https:\/\/build-mode-ak.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/mpu-6500-balance-test-poster-864x1536.jpg 864w, https:\/\/build-mode-ak.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/mpu-6500-balance-test-poster.jpg 1080w\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"sws-video-player__play\"><svg class=\"sws-video-player__play-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 64 64\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"4\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\">\n  <path d=\"M22 14l28 18-28 18z\" fill=\"currentColor\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tReproduzir o v\u00eddeo: Testei o sentido de equil\u00edbrio de um rob\u00f4: MPU-6500\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"sws-video-player__length\" aria-hidden=\"true\">0:59<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"sws-video-player__title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"sws-video-player__title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/build-mode-ak.com\/pt-pt\/videos\/mpu-6500-balance-test\/\">Testei o sentido de equil\u00edbrio de um rob\u00f4: MPU-6500<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"sws-video-player__links\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"sws-video-player__links-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"sws-video-player__link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/shorts\/NqB9xJwzDvg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"sws-video-player__link-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 64 64\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"4\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\">\n  <rect x=\"4\" y=\"13\" width=\"56\" height=\"38\" rx=\"11\"\/>\n  <path d=\"M27 22l16 10-16 10z\" fill=\"currentColor\" stroke=\"none\"\/>\n<\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t\tVer no YouTube\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"sws-video-player__links-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"sws-video-player__link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tiktok.com\/@build_mode_ak\/video\/7692125766439472406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"sws-video-player__link-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 64 64\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"4\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\">\n  <path d=\"M42 8a14 14 0 0 0 11 11v9a23 23 0 0 1-11-4v16a16 16 0 1 1-20-15.49v9.75a7 7 0 1 0 11 5.74V8z\"\/>\n<\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tVer no TikTok\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"sws-video-player__item sws-video-player__item--short\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"sws-video-player__stage\"\n\t\t\t\t\tdata-embed=\"https:\/\/www.youtube-nocookie.com\/embed\/3xBXqwm4TmA?autoplay=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;rel=0&#038;hl=pt-PT\"\n\t\t\t\t\tdata-title=\"Fiz uma coluna Bluetooth com um ESP32\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"sws-video-player__poster\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/shorts\/3xBXqwm4TmA\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"576\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/build-mode-ak.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/esp32-bluetooth-speaker-poster-576x1024.jpg\" class=\"sws-video-player__image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" sizes=\"auto, (min-width: 480px) 360px, 90vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/build-mode-ak.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/esp32-bluetooth-speaker-poster-576x1024.jpg 576w, https:\/\/build-mode-ak.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/esp32-bluetooth-speaker-poster-169x300.jpg 169w, https:\/\/build-mode-ak.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/esp32-bluetooth-speaker-poster-768x1365.jpg 768w, https:\/\/build-mode-ak.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/esp32-bluetooth-speaker-poster-864x1536.jpg 864w, https:\/\/build-mode-ak.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/esp32-bluetooth-speaker-poster.jpg 1080w\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"sws-video-player__play\"><svg class=\"sws-video-player__play-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 64 64\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"4\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\">\n  <path d=\"M22 14l28 18-28 18z\" fill=\"currentColor\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tReproduzir o v\u00eddeo: Fiz uma coluna Bluetooth com um ESP32\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"sws-video-player__length\" aria-hidden=\"true\">1:10<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"sws-video-player__title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"sws-video-player__title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/build-mode-ak.com\/pt-pt\/videos\/esp32-bluetooth-speaker\/\">Fiz uma coluna Bluetooth com um ESP32<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"sws-video-player__links\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"sws-video-player__links-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"sws-video-player__link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/shorts\/3xBXqwm4TmA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"sws-video-player__link-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 64 64\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"4\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\">\n  <rect x=\"4\" y=\"13\" width=\"56\" height=\"38\" rx=\"11\"\/>\n  <path d=\"M27 22l16 10-16 10z\" fill=\"currentColor\" stroke=\"none\"\/>\n<\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t\tVer no YouTube\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"sws-video-player__links-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"sws-video-player__link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tiktok.com\/@build_mode_ak\/video\/7691716734767615254\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"sws-video-player__link-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 64 64\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"4\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\">\n  <path d=\"M42 8a14 14 0 0 0 11 11v9a23 23 0 0 1-11-4v16a16 16 0 1 1-20-15.49v9.75a7 7 0 1 0 11 5.74V8z\"\/>\n<\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tVer no TikTok\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\n\t<p class=\"sws-video-player__notice\">\n\t\tAo premir o bot\u00e3o de reprodu\u00e7\u00e3o, o v\u00eddeo \u00e9 carregado a partir do YouTube.\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"sws-video-player__notice-link\" href=\"https:\/\/build-mode-ak.com\/pt-pt\/privacy-policy\/\">Pol\u00edtica de privacidade<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">O que se procura com mais frequ\u00eancia, e porqu\u00ea<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nos primeiros resultados das pesquisas sobre a T-Display cl\u00e1ssica repetem-se quatro temas: o primeiro arranque, a configura\u00e7\u00e3o do TFT_eSPI, a pinagem e os projetos j\u00e1 feitos \u2014 rel\u00f3gios, meteorologia, Home Assistant, pain\u00e9is MQTT e jogos. Isso reflete com exatid\u00e3o os pontos fortes e fracos da placa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">O que atrai as pessoas \u00e9 conseguirem depressa um resultado bonito, mas onde mais trope\u00e7am \u00e9 na configura\u00e7\u00e3o deste ecr\u00e3 em concreto. O TFT_eSPI precisa do perfil <code>Setup25_TTGO_T_Display.h<\/code>; nele ficam fixados o ST7789V, a geometria 135 \u00d7 240 e os GPIO corretos. Noutras pilhas \u00e9 preciso ter em conta o desvio da \u00e1rea ativa da matriz, a ordem de cores BGR e o comando separado da retroilumina\u00e7\u00e3o. Uma avaria elucidativa: o programa e o pr\u00f3prio LCD podem estar a funcionar e mesmo assim o ecr\u00e3 parecer preto, simplesmente porque o GPIO4 n\u00e3o ligou a retroilumina\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">O teste m\u00ednimo para Arduino, depois de escolhido o perfil do TFT_eSPI, \u00e9 assim:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#include &lt;TFT_eSPI.h&gt;\n\nTFT_eSPI tft;\n\nvoid setup() {\n  pinMode(4, OUTPUT);\n  digitalWrite(4, HIGH);\n\n  tft.init();\n  tft.setRotation(1);              \/\/ 240 \u00d7 135\n  tft.fillScreen(TFT_BLACK);\n  tft.setTextColor(TFT_CYAN, TFT_BLACK);\n  tft.drawString(\"Wi-Fi: OK\", 12, 12, 4);\n}\n\nvoid loop() {}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">No IDE do Arduino o fabricante recomenda o perfil <strong>ESP32 Dev Module<\/strong>, frequ\u00eancia de CPU de 240 MHz, modo QIO, 4 MB de Flash para a vers\u00e3o comum, a PSRAM desativada e uma velocidade de carregamento de 921600. Se o firmware n\u00e3o arrancar ou o bootloader n\u00e3o responder, o GPIO0 serve de BOOT: manter o bot\u00e3o premido, carregar brevemente em Reset, largar o BOOT e repetir o carregamento.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pontos fortes e fracos<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table><thead><tr><th>A favor<\/th><th>Contra<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>O painel IPS a cores j\u00e1 vem montado e validado pelo desenho da placa<\/td><td>O ecr\u00e3 \u00e9 pequeno e n\u00e3o tem camada t\u00e1til<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Wi\u2011Fi, Bluetooth cl\u00e1ssico e BLE<\/td><td>A gera\u00e7\u00e3o do ESP32 \u00e9 antiga: sem USB nativo nem as capacidades modernas do ESP32-S3<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Dois bot\u00f5es, USB\u2011C, carregamento de Li\u2011Po, controlo da bateria<\/td><td>Sem PSRAM; gr\u00e1ficos pesados devoram depressa a SRAM<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Mais compacta do que um DevKit com um TFT \u00e0 parte<\/td><td>O ecr\u00e3 e os circuitos de servi\u00e7o ocupam um n\u00famero apreci\u00e1vel de GPIO<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Existem exemplos de Arduino, PlatformIO, ESP-IDF, TFT_eSPI e LVGL<\/td><td>O ADC2 entra em conflito com o Wi\u2011Fi e os GPIO36\u201339 s\u00f3 funcionam como entrada<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Boa para pain\u00e9is e medidores aut\u00f3nomos<\/td><td>A retroilumina\u00e7\u00e3o e o Wi\u2011Fi limitam o tempo de funcionamento com bateria<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Dois DAC a s\u00e9rio nos GPIO25\/26 e muitas entradas do ADC1<\/td><td>As revis\u00f5es diferem na Flash e no USB\u2013UART, por isso a especifica\u00e7\u00e3o de cada exemplar tem de ser verificada<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conclus\u00e3o<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A LILYGO TTGO T-Display n\u00e3o vale por caracter\u00edsticas de recorde, mas por um arranjo bem pensado. Transforma o trabalho invis\u00edvel de um microcontrolador numa interface leg\u00edvel: o aparelho comunica de imediato o seu estado, mostra medi\u00e7\u00f5es, aceita comandos com dois bot\u00f5es e pode funcionar com bateria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Para um rel\u00f3gio de secret\u00e1ria, um indicador do Home Assistant, um medidor port\u00e1til, um comando MQTT, um minijogo ou um painel de partidas em rede, a T-Display cl\u00e1ssica continua a ser uma base muito sensata. O essencial \u00e9 lembrar a sua idade e os seus limites: n\u00e3o a confundir com a T-Display-S3, n\u00e3o contar com PSRAM, poupar os GPIO de arranque, usar o ADC1 com o Wi\u2011Fi ativo e verificar o tamanho da Flash da placa concreta. Se ao projeto chegarem 240 \u00d7 135 pontos e dois bot\u00f5es, o ecr\u00e3 incorporado poupa n\u00e3o s\u00f3 componentes, mas o recurso mais caro da prototipagem: o tempo que separa a ideia do primeiro resultado que se pode ver.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-surface-alt-background-color has-background is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-893b5037 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tudo o que ficou dito acima, condensado numa refer\u00eancia de hardware independente da plataforma que um agente de programa\u00e7\u00e3o pode seguir: classes de atribui\u00e7\u00e3o de pinos, regras el\u00e9tricas, a matriz GPIO can\u00f3nica e um perfil de placa leg\u00edvel por m\u00e1quina.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-1\" href=\"https:\/\/build-mode-ak.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/lilygo-t-display-agent-datasheet.md\">LILYGO T-Display \u2014 perfil de hardware para um agente de programa\u00e7\u00e3o (Markdown, em ingl\u00eas, 39 KB)<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/build-mode-ak.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/lilygo-t-display-agent-datasheet.md\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-1\">Transferir<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"sws-spacer sws-spacer--medium wp-block-sws-theme-spacer\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/div>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Uma placa ESP32 com um ecr\u00e3 a cores de 1,14 polegadas j\u00e1 soldado. O que est\u00e1 ligado a qu\u00ea, que GPIO se podem usar sem risco, quanto tempo dura com bateria \u2014 e onde acaba a T-Display cl\u00e1ssica e come\u00e7a a S3.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":276,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[75,74],"topic":[62],"class_list":["post-293","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sem-categoria","tag-arduino-pt","tag-esp32-pt","topic-esp32-pt"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>LILYGO TTGO T-Display: o ESP32 que mostra o resultado de imediato - Build Mode<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A LILYGO TTGO T-Display cl\u00e1ssica ao detalhe: ESP32-D0WDQ6, ecr\u00e3 ST7789V, pinagem completa, GPIO seguros, consumo e o que se constr\u00f3i com ela.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/build-mode-ak.com\/pt-pt\/lilygo-ttgo-t-display\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_PT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"LILYGO TTGO T-Display: o ESP32 que mostra o resultado de imediato - 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